GIGA Focus International Edition Chinese

“前途无望的一代”——全世界失业 青少年人数增多

Number 5 | 2014 | ISSN: 2196-3959


  • 过去这些年里,全球青少年失业人数大幅上升。青少年失业率,比成年人失业率高出一倍以上。

    解析

    2013年底,15岁至24岁之间的年轻人中,约七千四百五十万人失业。世界金融危机仅对失业问题起到加剧作用,而失业自身则有着更为深刻的根源。经济结构障碍、人口发展趋势或者教育体系的规划及质量,都各自在不同程度上导致了青少年失业。

    • 失业只是青少年就业不足的一个“局部指示器”。尤其在发展中国家,对放弃找工作的年轻人的数据评估,人们也应加以考虑。

    • 由于人口的发展变化,全世界各处都出现了所谓的“青少年过剩”状态,然而大部分地区,早已度过其高峰期。只有亚洲南部、撒哈拉以南非洲地区,青少年人数还在继续增长。但是,青少年人数的增长,并不会在各地造成失业,部分情况下,这也会导致人们从事非典型性工作,导致就业不足的情况出现。

    • 工业国家里,教育程度低的人,想找到合适工作的难度就更高。特别是在发展中国家,扩大教育体系,反而常常导致失业、就业不足、受过专业培训的劳动力人数上升。对突尼斯、南非共和国、巴西、中国、西班牙及德国等各个国家进行比较,就可以看出这一点。

    • 对抗青少年失业的一个主要出发点就是:除了提供各国特殊的短期项目以外,尤其要长期促进面向就业市场的职业培训。

    • 市场对劳动力的消化不足、劳动市场政策不见成效,这样,失业的青少年采取激进反应的危险,就会增大。


    Footnotes



      How to cite this article

      Schucher, Günter, and Aurora Sauter (2014), “前途无望的一代”——全世界失业 青少年人数增多, GIGA Focus International Edition Chinese, 5, Hamburg: German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA), https://www.giga-hamburg.de/de/system/files/publications/gf_international_chin_1405.pdf


      Imprint

      The GIGA Focus is an Open Access publication and can be read on the Internet and downloaded free of charge at www.giga-hamburg.de/en/publications/giga-focus. According to the conditions of the Creative-Commons license Attribution-No Derivative Works 3.0, this publication may be freely duplicated, circulated, and made accessible to the public. The particular conditions include the correct indication of the initial publication as GIGA Focus and no changes in or abbreviation of texts.

      The German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) – Leibniz-Institut für Globale und Regionale Studien in Hamburg publishes the Focus series on Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Middle East and global issues. The GIGA Focus is edited and published by the GIGA. The views and opinions expressed are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the institute. Authors alone are responsible for the content of their articles. GIGA and the authors cannot be held liable for any errors and omissions, or for any consequences arising from the use of the information provided.

      Günter Schucher

      Günter Schucher

      Former GIGA Team member


      Aurora Sauter

      Aurora Sauter



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