This article examines Baghdad's sectarian polarization by exploring the construction of separation walls in the neighborhoods of Adhamiya and Kadhimiya. Like others in the capital, both neighborhoods had suffered from sectarian violence, inflamed by destructive policies and political rhetoric, and the transformation of the city's urban character.
This article highlights the essential notions of reviving urban space that should adhere to the place’s characteristics and the city’s social-cultural language. It analyzes the central policies and principles that should be considered for revitalizing and sustaining urban spaces in historic city centers.
This paper shed light on the historic urban structure that the city of Najaf has, and the current challenges and circumstances that are facing its unique urban centre, its traditional architecture, and its identity as a heritage Islamic city.
